Marabb al-Shurafāt, Al-Mafraq Governorate, Jordan

Documented by Badia Epigraphic Survey (Dir. M.C.A. Macdonald & A. al-Manaser) (2015)

A marabb (lit. place of abundance) is a large, open area where water collects and herbage grows in large amounts; here, it is also possible to engage in agriculture. Marabb al-Shurafāt, as the name suggests, was the traditional territory of the shurafāt, one of the main tribes of ʾahl al-ǧabal, the nomads east of Hawran. In the scientific literature, one sometimes encounters the name marabb al-shurafāʾ. The latter pronunciation reflects the classical Arabicization of the local name and is found in some official government maps. 

Marabb al-Shurafāt is distinguished by the enormous number of inscriptions strewn throughout its basalt, ranging from Latin to Islamic Arabic, from Nabataean to Safaitic. This indicates that the area was an important stopping place throughout the ages, connecting Hawran to the open desert. 

It is believed that the name originates from members of the Shurafāt tribe being killed by another tribe. Popular folklore recounts that the Shurafāt held a mass wedding celebration in the marabb for 100 grooms in a single night; during the ceremony, another tribe raided the gathering and killed all 100 grooms.

History of Visitation

April 2015: The inaugural BES campaign, led by M.C.A. Macdonald and A. al-Manaser visit the marabb and documented over 1000 inscriptions. 

July 2015: Sultan al-Maani and Mahdi al-Zoubi begin the exploration of the Marabb and document some two-hundred texts, which appear in OCIANA under the siglum: ZMMS.

April 2017: The BES17 mission visits the Marabb once again and documents four new inscriptions; these are published on OCIANA under the siglum BES17.

inscription of siglum ZMMS 198

ZMMS 198

Safaitic
l gmr bn drʿ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 199

ZMMS 199

Safaitic
l hʿḏr bn ys²kr bn mlk
inscription of siglum ZMMS 2

ZMMS 2

Safaitic
l wny bn ḫlṣ bn tm bn s¹ḫr ḏ- ʾl ḍf w ḥll
inscription of siglum ZMMS 20

ZMMS 20

Safaitic
l lḏn bn s¹ny bn hmlk bn ḥrb
inscription of siglum ZMMS 200

ZMMS 200

Safaitic
l hdʾn bn ʾs¹lm
inscription of siglum ZMMS 201

ZMMS 201

Safaitic
h rḍw s¹ʿd hʾml bn wʿl w lʿn hnʾ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 202

ZMMS 202

Safaitic
l ʾnʿm bn ẓnn bn mrʾ h- ḫṭṭ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 203

ZMMS 203

Safaitic
l s¹ʿd bn ʾlf bn mrʾ w wgd s¹fr ʾnʿm f ngʿ w wgm ʿl- ʾb -h w ḫrṣ f h lt rwḥ m- bʾs¹
inscription of siglum ZMMS 204

ZMMS 204

Safaitic
l s¹mm bn nhb bn rbʿ w rḍy ʿyr
inscription of siglum ZMMS 206

ZMMS 206

Safaitic
l whb bn ʿbdt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 207

ZMMS 207

Safaitic
l ḫld bn qdmʾl bn ḥrt bn yʿly h rḍy ʿwr m ʿwr
inscription of siglum ZMMS 208

ZMMS 208

Safaitic
l s²nf bn hʾs¹ bn zgr w rʿy h- nḫl f h rḍy wqyt m- bʾs¹ ḫbb
inscription of siglum ZMMS 209

ZMMS 209

Hismaic
l rḍwt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 21

ZMMS 21

Safaitic
l bgr bn hmlk bn ḥrb w h rḍy ġnmt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 210

ZMMS 210

Safaitic
l ġṯ bn qdmʾl bn ḥrt bn yʿly h- bkrt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 52

ZMMS 52

Safaitic
l ḍmr bn kl bn grmy bn qrn bn ʾṣrm
inscription of siglum ZMMS 211

ZMMS 211

Safaitic
l ns²dʾl bn ms²kr bn ṣbḥ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 212

ZMMS 212

Safaitic
l ʾlh bn rb bn ġzlt bn s²rk w ḫrṣ f h s²ʿhqm rwḥ m ḏ ḫrṣ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 213

ZMMS 213

Safaitic
l nʿmn bn ṣyd bn nhb w rʿy h- ḍʾn w wrd rgl qyẓ f h lt s¹lm w ḫḍʿ nms²t ḏ yʿwr h- ḫṭṭ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 214

ZMMS 214

Safaitic
l gmr bn rb bn yṯʿ bn rs¹n bn bs¹ʾ bn ʾs¹d bn ʾḥs¹n bn gmr bn s²ll bn ḥbk h- gml w h rḍy ġnmt m- ḥwlt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 215

ZMMS 215

Safaitic
l ṣʿd bn qḏy bn mfny bn qdm w wgd s¹fr mlk w ḥll ---- f ts²wq f h lt qbll ʾs¹lm w lʿn ḏ ḫbl w rḍy ḏ dʿy
inscription of siglum ZMMS 216

ZMMS 216

Mixed Safaitic/Hismaic
l qdm bn ḥmlt bn qdm w ḫrṣ ʿl- ʾḫ -h ḍbʾ f h lt s¹lm
inscription of siglum ZMMS 217

ZMMS 217

Safaitic
l tm bn mty bn mdd bn s²mt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 218

ZMMS 218

Safaitic
l tm bn ẓnʾl h- rgl