Marabb al-Shurafāt, Al-Mafraq Governorate, Jordan

Documented by Badia Epigraphic Survey (Dir. M.C.A. Macdonald & A. al-Manaser) (2015)

A marabb (lit. place of abundance) is a large, open area where water collects and herbage grows in large amounts; here, it is also possible to engage in agriculture. Marabb al-Shurafāt, as the name suggests, was the traditional territory of the shurafāt, one of the main tribes of ʾahl al-ǧabal, the nomads east of Hawran. In the scientific literature, one sometimes encounters the name marabb al-shurafāʾ. The latter pronunciation reflects the classical Arabicization of the local name and is found in some official government maps. 

Marabb al-Shurafāt is distinguished by the enormous number of inscriptions strewn throughout its basalt, ranging from Latin to Islamic Arabic, from Nabataean to Safaitic. This indicates that the area was an important stopping place throughout the ages, connecting Hawran to the open desert. 

It is believed that the name originates from members of the Shurafāt tribe being killed by another tribe. Popular folklore recounts that the Shurafāt held a mass wedding celebration in the marabb for 100 grooms in a single night; during the ceremony, another tribe raided the gathering and killed all 100 grooms.

History of Visitation

April 2015: The inaugural BES campaign, led by M.C.A. Macdonald and A. al-Manaser visit the marabb and documented over 1000 inscriptions. 

July 2015: Sultan al-Maani and Mahdi al-Zoubi begin the exploration of the Marabb and document some two-hundred texts, which appear in OCIANA under the siglum: ZMMS.

April 2017: The BES17 mission visits the Marabb once again and documents four new inscriptions; these are published on OCIANA under the siglum BES17.

inscription of siglum ZMMS 219

ZMMS 219

Safaitic
l ʾlh bn mnʿm bn bqrt bn rz bn mgd w rʿy h- nḫl
inscription of siglum ZMMS 22

ZMMS 22

Safaitic
l zhmn bn bmyḍ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 220

ZMMS 220

Safaitic
l ḥfʾl bn ʿbdy bn ʾws¹
inscription of siglum ZMMS 221

ZMMS 221

Safaitic
l mlk bn grms²ms¹ w wgm ʿl- ṯlg w h lt ʿwr m ʿwr h- s¹fr
inscription of siglum ZMMS 222

ZMMS 222

Safaitic
l s¹ʾ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 223

ZMMS 223

Safaitic
l ḫr bn ʿm ḏ- ʾl ms¹kt w qṣṣ bʿd ʾs²yʿ -h f ʾs¹lm s¹nt ʾty h- mḏy
inscription of siglum ZMMS 24

ZMMS 24

Safaitic
l grm bn nhm
inscription of siglum ZMMS 25

ZMMS 25

Safaitic
l s¹wʾ bn bzr h- bkrt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 26

ZMMS 26

Safaitic
l ʿqrb bn ʾnʿm bn qṣy ḏ- ʾl ḥbb
inscription of siglum ZMMS 27

ZMMS 27

Safaitic
l grmʾl bn ʾkzm bn grmʾl bn ʾkzm w wgd ʾṯr gs² -h f ngʿ f h ʾṯʿ rwḥ
inscription of siglum ZMMS 28

ZMMS 28

Safaitic
l ḫrṣ bn ṣʿd bn ḃnt bn ʾys¹ bn ʾs²mt w wgm ʿl- ḫrṣ bn ʾḫ -h w wlh l ʾbd ʿlh
inscription of siglum ZMMS 29

ZMMS 29

Safaitic
l s²ddt bn ẓl bn ḫbʾ bn ġfr bn ẓby w ḥll h- dr s¹nt ʾn
inscription of siglum ZMMS 30

ZMMS 30

Safaitic
l ʿḏ bn zhrn bn ʿḏ w ḫrṣ f h lt s¹lm
inscription of siglum ZMMS 32

ZMMS 32

Safaitic
l ʾs¹ bn zd bn ʾs¹ bn ḫṭs¹n
inscription of siglum ZMMS 33

ZMMS 33

Safaitic
l ln bn ḥrk bn hwr h- ḥyt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 34

ZMMS 34

Safaitic
l ys¹mʿl bn yḏr bn s¹lm h- dr w wgm ykl
inscription of siglum ZMMS 35

ZMMS 35

Safaitic
l ʾs¹lh bn ys¹lm bn mġyr bn ys¹m bn grmlh bn lm bn gs¹lt w rʿy
inscription of siglum ZMMS 36

ZMMS 36

Safaitic
l ʾdlm bn ʾs¹rk bn ys¹lm w rʿy
inscription of siglum ZMMS 37

ZMMS 37

Safaitic
l ḫr bn tʾm bn tlmy bn ʾnf w h lt ġnmt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 38

ZMMS 38

Safaitic
l ʿbd bn ʾṣr
inscription of siglum ZMMS 4

ZMMS 4

Safaitic
l ʿlhm bn ns¹f
inscription of siglum ZMMS 40

ZMMS 40

Safaitic
l bʿmh bn ws¹ʿ bn mlk bn zgr bn s²rb
inscription of siglum ZMMS 42

ZMMS 42

Safaitic
l ʾmrʾl bn ys²kr h- bkrt
inscription of siglum ZMMS 43

ZMMS 43

Safaitic
l s²wbt bn ṣyḥ bn ʿlg bn ʾʿzm bn frzl bn zʿkrt bn s²k bn gg